This article focuses on studying the composition of Vietnam’s solid waste and evaluating its calorific value to increase its electricity generation capacity. Accordingly, the author studies the current status of solid waste treatment in Vietnam as well as its negative impacts on the environment. Poor classification and pretreatment with outdated technology cause many difficulties for the thorough treatment of solid waste. This study proposes solutions and processes for treating waste materials to help increase the calorific value and improve the efficiency of the heat generation and utilization processes. This not only helps reduce environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions but also helps increase electricity generation capacity to utilize heat from the solid waste treatment process. Research results show that the proposed solution has contributed to solving the difficult problem of solid waste treatment but also helped increase clean energy sources, contributing to sustainable development for Vietnam in the future.